omized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, potential study Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled prospective study28 recreational runners (42 8 years) 32 well-trained male cyclists 25 five years, VO2 peak = 60 five mL g-1 in-1 , Wmax = five.four 0.five W g-1 32 educated male cyclists or triathletes 25 1 years, VO2 peak = 60 1 mL g-1 in-1 , Wmax = 395 7 W0, 12 mg/day8 weeksKlinkenberg L.J. et al., 2013 [195]0, 20 mg/day 4 weeksRes T. et al., 2013 [196]Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective study0, 20 mg/day4 weeksDjordjevic B. et al., 2011 [197]Randomized, Double-blind, placebo-controlled, potential study32 male elite soccer players0, four mg/day90 daysNutrients 2022, 14,21 ofTable 2. Cont. Author/Year/Reference Study Design subjects 14 amateur endurance-trained subjects 189 years, VO2 peak = 52.84 three.5 mL g-1 in-1 , Wmax = 330 26 W 20 resistance educated male subjects (25.1 1.six years) Dose Duration Outcome Enhanced functionality HDAC4 Inhibitor manufacturer inside the 20-km cycling time trial in the AX group (n = 7, -121 s; 95 CI, -185, -53), but not within the placebo group (n = 7, -19 s; 95 CI, -84, 45). AX group substantially improved energy output (20 W; 95 CI, 1, 38), whereas the placebo group didn’t (1.6 W; 95 CI, -17, 20). N.S; carbohydrate, fat oxidation and blood indices indicative of fuel mobilization. N.S; Muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK), and muscle efficiency were measured prior to and by way of 96-h post-eccentric exerciseEarnest C.P. et al., 2011 [198]Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, potential study0, four mg/day28 daysBloomer, R.J. et al., 2005 [199]Randomized, placebo-controlled, prospective study Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled, prospective study0, 4 mg/day 3 monthsSawaki K. et al., 2002 [200] Subjects: wholesome subjects16 healthy adult male subjects0, six mg/day4 weeksIn the AX group, the serum lactate concentration after two min of activity (1200 m run) was drastically decrease than that in the control group.Kawamura A. et al., 2021 [201]Randomized controlled open-label, prospective study26 healthy male subjectsN/A (1 mg AX/ one hundred g salmon) ten weeksThe skeletal muscle mass was larger right after training than before instruction in both control and intervention groups (p 0.05). Elevated maximal voluntary contraction immediately after training within the intervention group (p 0.05), but not significantly enhanced within the handle group. (See Table three for other outcomes.) Decreased raise in blood lactate caused by the VO2 Max test; AX group (9.four 3.1 and 13.0 3.1 mmole -1 in the AX and placebo groups, respectively p 0.02). Modify in oxygen uptake during recovery (-2.02 0.64 and 0.83 0.79 of VO2 Max in the AX and placebo group, respectively, p = 0.001). N.S; anaerobic threshold or VO2 Max. physiological or biochemical differences within the heat tolerance test (HTT) (2 h stroll at 40 C, 40 relative humidity. Elevated maximum workload by education in each groups (p = 0.009), and improved oxygen consumption through exercise within the antioxidant group only (p = 0.014). There have been optimistic correlations amongst maximum workload and fat (r = 0.575, p = 0.042) and L-type calcium channel Agonist Molecular Weight carbohydrate oxidations (r = 0.520, p = 0.059) in the antioxidant group. (See Table 3 for other outcomes.)Fleischmann C. et al., 2019 [202]Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, potential study22 healthful subjects0, 12 mg/day30 daysTakami M. et al., 2019 [203]Open-label, prospective study20 healthier young male subjectsc.a, four.5 mg/day from salmon4 weeksNutrients 2022, 14,22 ofTable two. Cont. Auth