Ly decreased the salinity triggered by waterlogging [116,117]; having said that, the resulted overdependence has negatively brought on by waterlogging [116,117]; nonetheless, the resulted overdependence has negatively impacted the former. Globally, this trend of escalating groundwater salinity with deimpacted the former. Globally, this trend of increasing groundwater salinity with decreascreasing water table depth is observed in regions that predominantly use groundwater ing water table depth is observed in regions that predominantly use groundwater for irfor irrigation [95,118]. Within the Indian state of Punjab and Haryana, the overexploitation rigation [95,118]. Within the Indian state of Punjab and Haryana, the overexploitation of of groundwater for irrigation pumping has led to declining groundwater levels and an groundwater for irrigation pumping has led to declining groundwater levels and an inincreasing salt concentration in groundwater [119], when, in Pakistan, working with groundwater creasing salt concentration in groundwater [119], when, in Pakistan, employing groundwater for irrigation improves the soil and crop yield since it acts as artificial-drainage, which for irrigation improves the soil and crop yield given that it acts as artificial-drainage, which controls waterlogging and water table rise [117]. controls waterlogging and water table rise [117].Agriculture 2021, 11,8 ofDuring dry seasons, the effect of irrigation-induced salinity and sodicity on groundwater might be specially elevated as the water table is normally low; thus, the extent and concentration of salt contamination may very well be high [95]. In coastal regions, further pumping of groundwater to offset the irrigation demand increases the threat of seawater intrusions [38,70]. Epoxiconazole site Repeated irrigation with saline and sodic water results in the formation of an impermeable layer along the Phenyl acetate Epigenetics capillary fringe (a layer in which the groundwater seeps up from the water table to fill pores inside the overlying region by capillary action) since the pores inside the overlying layer becomes occupied with salts [120]. This affects the water cycle by obstructing the interaction amongst the groundwater table using the sub-surface flows and surface water, lowering the evapotranspiration potential by stopping the saturation with the soil (by groundwater) above the capillary fringe, and so forth. [121]. Further formation of such layer along the aquifer boundary could influence the aquifer storage properties, as an example, by decreasing the precise storage or particular yield of the aquifer [121]. In addition, pumping of saline groundwater, in the lengthy run, could bring about the accumulation of salts along the column from the bore well (generally 105 cm in diameter), which could have an effect on the casing and lead to further groundwater contamination (much more extreme in the case of steel casings since the saline environment acts as a catalyst to corrosion and leads to larger iron content) [70,122]. 7. Traditional Strategies for Mitigating High Soil Salinity and Sodicity The key challenge inside the reclamation of soil impacted by salinity and sodicity may be the removal of salts in the root zone, which can be also by far the most effective way to lessen or entirely overcome the detrimental effects of salinity and sodicity [17,123]. Globally, soil reclamation activities are difficult on account of lack of awareness, high implementation charges and inaccessibility to well-developed technologies [124]; having said that, there happen to be quite a few traditional methods which are getting widely followed to.