Have been randomised into the mask arm (n=123) or the manage arm (n=122). The mask arm had on typical 2.five household contacts per index case (n=302), while the control arm had 2.4 household contacts per index case (n=295). Qualities of index situations and household members are presented in table 1. There was no important distinction amongst arms, and most qualities, including medication use (data not PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331531 shown), were generally comparable. Viruses have been isolated from 60 (146245) of index circumstances. Influenza was probably the most popular virus isolated from 115 (47 ) cases–influenza A–100, influenza B– 11 and influenza A and B–4. Other viruses isolated from index cases had been rhinovirus,13 NL6311 and C229E.7 Extra than one virus was isolated in 48 (20 ) index instances, which includes 17 coinfections with influenza. Table two shows the intention-to-treat analysis. CRI was reported in 4 (1.911000 person-days) household members inside the mask arm, compared with six household members (2.951000 person-days) within the manage arm (RR 0.65, 95 CI 0.18 to 2.29). Only one particular case (0.481000 person-days) of ILI was reported in the mask arm, compared with 3 situations (1.471000 person-days) within the handle arm (RR 0.32, 95 CI 0.03 to 3.11). Two laboratory-confirmed infections were identified among symptomatic household members from a separate household. 1 household member had precisely the same infection (influenza H1N1) as the respective index case. Rhinovirus was isolated from a different household member.Table 1 Demographic along with other traits with the index situations and household members Variable Index case (number) Gender (male) Age (imply) Education (undergraduatepostgraduate) Smoker (currentex) Pre-existing illness Influenza vaccination (yes) Hand washing (mostall occasions) Typical hour of home keep Typical hour mask wearing Household (members) Quantity of household per arm Gender (male) Influenza vaccination (yes) Age (mean) Mask arm ( and 95 CI) 123 56123 45.five (37.0 to 54.three ) 40.two (37.six to 42.8) 78123 63.4 (54.6 to 71.4 ) 29123 23.six (16.9 to 31.eight ) 21123 17.1 (16.2 to 31.0 ) 5123 4.1 (1.7 to 9.two ) 98123 79.7 (71.7 to 85.8 ) 16.6 (15.9 to 17.3) 4.4 (3.9 to four.9) 302 2.five 149302 49.three (43.4 to 24.6 ) 22298 7.four (4.9 to 10.9 ) 38.three (36.0 to 40.five) Control arm ( and 95 CI) 122 45122 36.9 (28.eight to 45.7 ) 39.7 (37.three to 42.0) 74122 60.7 (51.8 to 68.9 ) 26122 21.three (15.0 to 29.four ) 16122 13.1 (eight.2 to 20.two ) 5122 4.1 (1.eight to 9.2 ) 109122 89.three (82.6 to 93.7 ) 16.6 (15.9 to 17.3) 1.four (0.9 to 1.8) 295 two.four 168295 56.9 (51.six to 62.9 ) 30285 ten.five (7.1 to 14.six ) 36.4 (34.1 to 38.eight)Involves asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary illness, diabetes, ischaemic heart illness, immune-compromised and other people. Variable was produced by taking typical hours more than the trial period. Missing information for 14 circumstances.MacIntyre CR, et al. BMJ Open 2016;6:e012330. doi:10.KDM5A-IN-1 web 1136bmjopen-2016-MacIntyre CR, et al. BMJ Open 2016;six:e012330. doi:ten.1136bmjopen-2016-Table 2 Quantity and proportion of household members reporting major outcomes, by randomisation arm and intention-to-treat evaluation (n=597) Laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory infections No (rate person-days) 0.32 (0.03 to 3.11) Ref 12098 (0.481000) 12036 (0.491000)CRI No (price person-days) RR (95 CI) Mask arm Handle arm 42098 (1.911000) 62036 (2.951000)ILI No (rate person-days)RR (95 CI) 0.97 (0.06 to 15.five) Ref0.65 (0.18 to 2.29) 12098 (0.481000) Ref 32036 (1.471000)Household members (mask arm 302 and manage arm 295). Intracluster correlation.